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Dogs and cats

AAHA 2024

Fluid therapy calculator

Allometric maintenance rate, dehydration deficit, and drip rates for four giving sets. Every figure prints the arithmetic that produced it, so the number can go in the record with its working. Free, no signup.

Patient

Weight unit
Species
% estimated

1% is a 10 mL/kg loss. Leave at 0 for maintenance only.

Total IV rate

mL/hr

Enter a patient weight to compute the rate.

Maintenance
mL/hr132 × kg0.75
Deficit
mLkg × 0% × 10
Drip rate
Drops per minute for four giving sets at the total rate
Giving setgtt/min
10 gtt/mL
15 gtt/mL
20 gtt/mL
60 gtt/mL

The working

Four formulas, and where each one comes from

Nothing here is proprietary. These are the published formulas, printed so you can check the calculator against them rather than trust it.

Maintenance

132 × kg0.75 mL/day (dog) · 80 × kg0.75 mL/day (cat)

Allometric scaling rather than a linear mL/kg/day rate, which is what the guideline recommends across the size range general practice sees. The same guideline gives rules of thumb of 2–6 mL/kg/hr for dogs and 2–3 for cats. Neither edition explains the 0.75 exponent; both print the formula and cite DiBartola.

Deficit

kg × dehydration % × 10 = mL

1% dehydration is a 10 mL/kg loss. This page replaces it evenly over 24 hours; a sicker patient is often corrected faster, which is a clinical decision this calculator does not make for you.

Ongoing losses

not calculated here

The guideline’s framework is maintenance plus deficit plus ongoing losses. Vomiting, diarrhoea, polyuria, drains and third-spacing are estimated at the cage side and added on top of the figure this page gives you — the total below is not the whole prescription.

Drip rate

mL/hr × gtt/mL ÷ 60 = gtt/min

The drop factor is printed on the giving set. Four common sets are shown; read the one in your hand rather than the one you expect.

Maintenance coefficients and the rules of thumb are from the 2024 AAHA Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats, Table 9. They are unchanged from the 2013 AAHA/AAFP guidelines (Davis et al., J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 49(3):149–159), Table 3. The 2024 edition offers three interchangeable maintenance formulas and declines to rank them; this page uses the allometric one.

In the app

This page needs a signal. The app does not

Fluid therapy is one of the nine calculators in Workup, and in the app all nine sit on the device with the 326-drug catalog and the clinical references — so they work in a treatment area with one bar. VHS/VLAS cardiac measurement and the feline USG Predictor are the exception: both run on cloud inference and need a connection.

Get WorkupAll nine calculators

30-day free trial · $9.99 a month or $99.99 a year

Clinical use

A decision-support tool for licensed veterinary professionals, not a substitute for clinical judgment. This page gives maintenance and deficit only — ongoing losses, rate, route and duration are yours to set. Verify every figure against the patient in front of you before administering fluids. Workup is not FDA- or USDA-cleared as a medical device.